glp1versus

Sources & References

All data sources used on glp1versus.com.

Reviewed by Dr. Elena Vance, DOLast reviewed 5 sources cited

About Our Sources

This page serves as a centralized reference for the clinical evidence, regulatory documents, and medical literature cited throughout this website. We prioritize peer-reviewed research, FDA regulatory documents, and data from registered clinical trials. All claims about medication efficacy, safety, and approval status are drawn from these sources.

This is a living document and is updated as new evidence becomes available.

FDA Sources

Prescribing Information

FDA Press Announcements

  • FDA approves Byetta (exenatide) for type 2 diabetes -- April 2005
  • FDA approves Victoza (liraglutide) for type 2 diabetes -- January 2010
  • FDA approves Saxenda (liraglutide) for chronic weight management -- December 2014
  • FDA approves Trulicity (dulaglutide) for type 2 diabetes -- September 2014
  • FDA approves Ozempic (semaglutide) for type 2 diabetes -- December 2017
  • FDA approves Rybelsus (oral semaglutide) for type 2 diabetes -- September 2019
  • FDA approves Wegovy (semaglutide) for chronic weight management -- June 2021
  • FDA approves Mounjaro (tirzepatide) for type 2 diabetes -- May 2022
  • FDA approves Zepbound (tirzepatide) for chronic weight management -- November 2023

Clinical Trials

All trials are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.

Semaglutide Trials

  • STEP 1 -- Semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight management in adults without diabetes. NCT03548935
  • SUSTAIN 6 -- Cardiovascular outcomes with semaglutide in type 2 diabetes. NCT01720446
  • SELECT -- Cardiovascular outcomes with semaglutide in overweight/obese adults with established CV disease (without diabetes). NCT03574597
  • PIONEER 1 -- Oral semaglutide monotherapy for type 2 diabetes. NCT02906930

Tirzepatide Trials

  • SURMOUNT-1 -- Tirzepatide for weight management in adults without diabetes. NCT04184622
  • SURMOUNT-5 -- Tirzepatide versus semaglutide for weight management (head-to-head). NCT05822609
  • SURMOUNT-OSA -- Tirzepatide for obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity. NCT05412004
  • SURPASS-2 -- Tirzepatide versus semaglutide for type 2 diabetes (head-to-head). NCT03987919

Dulaglutide Trials

  • REWIND -- Cardiovascular outcomes with dulaglutide in type 2 diabetes. NCT01394952

Liraglutide Trials

  • SCALE -- Liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management. NCT01272219

Manufacturer Resources

Novo Nordisk

Eli Lilly

AstraZeneca

Peer-Reviewed Journals

New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)

  • Wilding JPH et al. "Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity." N Engl J Med. 2021;384(11):989-1002.
  • Jastreboff AM et al. "Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity." N Engl J Med. 2022;387(3):205-216.
  • Marso SP et al. "Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes." N Engl J Med. 2016;375(19):1834-1844.
  • Frias JP et al. "Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes." N Engl J Med. 2021;385(6):503-515.
  • Pi-Sunyer X et al. "A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management." N Engl J Med. 2015;373(1):11-22.

The Lancet

  • Gerstein HC et al. "Dulaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (REWIND)." Lancet. 2019;394(10193):121-130.
  • Rosenstock J et al. "Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (SURPASS-1)." Lancet. 2021;398(10295):143-155.

JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association)

  • Lincoff AM et al. "Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes." JAMA. 2023. (SELECT trial results)
  • Wadden TA et al. "Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo as an Adjunct to Intensive Behavioral Therapy on Body Weight in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP 3)." JAMA. 2021;325(14):1403-1413.

Disclaimer

This source registry is provided for reference and transparency. The inclusion of a source does not imply endorsement by the source's publisher or author. Links to external websites are provided for convenience and may change without notice. All medical decisions should be made in consultation with a qualified healthcare provider.

This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making medication decisions. See our full medical disclaimer.